Adjusting the water pressure switch for the pump and troubleshooting in-house

Tags:Plumbing, With your own hands

The corresponding engineering system will perform its functions flawlessly if the adjustment is made correctly pressure switch water for the pump. This procedure can be performed independently without seeking help from specialists. It will increase the accuracy of the equipment and prevent premature failure of its individual components.

Adjusting the water pressure switch for the pump

The relay indicated by the arrow is installed in individual water supply systems

The content of the article

1 Design and features of work
2 Parameters of products from different manufacturers
3 Method of adjusting the water pressure switch for the pump
4 Diagnostics, troubleshooting after setup and upgrades
5 General conclusions
6 Video: adjusting the pressure switch of the pumping station is nothing complicated

Design and features of work

Automatic memorization of the algorithm of certain actions is useful only in standard situations. In practice, various malfunctions occur, therefore in-depth knowledge is required. They will also be useful in order to buy a new pressure switch for a pump without annoying mistakes and unnecessary expenses.

Device design

What is the exact setting of the pressure switch of the pumping station for?

The following are the reasons for maintaining a normal pressure level in the water supply system:

At low pressure, the water from the taps flows too slowly. Some models of dishwashers and washing machines do not turn on or malfunction.
An excessively high head exerts excessive loads on all elements of the water supply system. The likelihood of emergencies increases.
Inaccurate adjustment water pressure switch for the pump makes it work very often. This will prematurely wear out the mechanical parts of the device.

All elements of the water supply system are designed for a certain pressure level

How the relay works

Any of the devices of this group is designed to quickly fix the fluid pressure in the pipeline. When the threshold values are crossed to the higher or lower side of the nominal range, the power supply network of the pump motor is opened (closed). To solve this problem, the following construction is used:

The transfer of mechanical force from fluid pressure is carried out through a flexible membrane, which also acts as a sealant and prevents moisture from entering the device.
A large spring is driven through a metal bar and rod.
After the bar moves to a certain angle, the resistance to movement increases. This non-linearity is provided by a second spring with a smaller height and diameter.
Further movement activates the articulated drive, which opens the relay contacts.

Regulator with cap removed

The height of the springs is changed with a nut and washer. When compression is large, the pressure level increases, at which power is supplied to the pump motor. Similar actions with a smaller spring will set the pressure at which the relay contacts open.

Wiring diagram of the water pressure switch for the pump and operating cycles

The following figure shows a typical stand-alone system private house water supply.

Typical water supply scheme for a house

It functions as follows:

Wells "on the sand", wells and other typical sources do not themselves create pressure in the water supply system. To solve this problem, at the first stage, a pump is used (10).
When turned on, it supplies liquid to a special tank (15). It has a flexible partition. This capacity is a storage and a damper at the same time.
After reaching the maximum pressure (3.3 atm.), The contact groups of the relay (1) open, the pump motor is turned off.
From this point on, the pressure in the system is maintained only by the tank.
In progress washing machine and other consumers, the pressure drops. When it decreases to 2, 2 atm. The relay contacts will close the 220V electric circuit and turn on the pump.

These cycles are repeated automatically, without user intervention.

Note! The pressure levels are working, but approximate. To accurately control the water pressure switch for the pump, you must use the appropriate data for the specific station.

Parameters of products from different manufacturers

The following table shows the data of specialized control relays for water stations.

Table 1. Data of specialized control relays for water stations.

Model	Pressure range, atm.	Cost, rub.	Features:
Genebre 3780 (Spain)	Up to 4	350-400	Manufacturer's warranty for 1 year.
Italtecnica PM / 5	1-5	470-490
UNIPUMP PM / 5	1-4,5	460	Analogue of Italtecnica, co-production Italy - Russia.
Italtecnica PM53W	1-5	950	Built-in pressure gauge, 5 fittings, reinforcement of threaded connections with metal inserts.
Italtecnica PMR / 5	1-5	795 – 820	Button for manual start on the body, water temperature - up to + 110 ° C.
Danfoss KPI 35 (Poland)	0,2-8	3 100 – 3 500	Industrial grade relay with IP44 protection.
Tival FF4 (Germany)	0,2-8	5 100 – 5 300	Silumin transparent body for easy visual inspection.

Relay with adjustable upper and lower limit

The principles of operation of the above products are the same. The mechanism in the figure provides a relatively low information content. It is more accurate and easier to set the pressure using a specialized device, a manometer.

The price of electronic water pressure switches for the pump is higher. These devices should be considered separately as they differ significantly from the models presented in this article. Their equipment includes: micro-turbines for measuring the fluid flow rate, special pressure sensors and data transmission units to external display devices.

Electronic relay made in Poland

Method of adjusting the water pressure switch for the pump

This algorithm is used in an “ideal” situation when the water supply system is in good working order.

Main regulatory bodies

The following steps will help you set up a new regulator:

Disconnect the pump from the 220 V network and drain the water completely.
Power is supplied to the engine and the pressure rise is monitored on the pressure gauge and the level of automatic shutdown is recorded. Open the valve so that the pressure drops slowly. The readings of the device are recorded, at which the relay contacts are closed.

Built-in pressure gauge comes in handy for easy adjustment

To increase the level at which the pump turns on, tighten the nut on a large spring.

Large spring adjustable pressure value

The check is carried out according to the above algorithm.
The pressure at which the electrical circuit is opened is increased by compressing a small spring.

Note! The two adjustments are interconnected.

A small spring sets an undefined head for shutdown, but the difference between two levels

A small spring does not set a certain pressure to turn off, but the difference between the values for turning on and off the pump

Diagnostics, troubleshooting after setup and upgrades

If the above scheme does not work, loosen both nuts with a preliminary increase in pressure, for example, to 3.3 atm. Slowly drain the liquid to the required level (2, 3 atm.), Close the valve. A nut on a large spring is clamped to a position until the relay turns off. After - repeat the steps from the previous section.

Standard regulators (type Italtecnica PM / 5) can be upgraded:

The third spring, created in the form of a pin, is bent in such a way that the fixation in the plastic stops is more secure.
The neutral conductor is connected directly to the motor. The phase wire is divided into two groups, which reduces wear during the burning of the contacts.

It is not difficult to disassemble the relay

General conclusions

With these instructions, self-adjusting the water pressure switch for the pumping station will not be difficult. When choosing a new product for replacement, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

conformity of threaded connections;

Using a tee to connect a device

Related article:

Pressure switch for the accumulator. From a separate publication, you will learn how to choose the right relay and make its competent settings.

pressure range and its maximum value;
permissible water temperature;
power of the connected electric motor.

Modern pumps are protected by built-in units from emergency situations

Of course, the manufacturer's name has a definite meaning. In some situations, it is wiser to pay more, but provide increased reliability during operation.

Some pumping stations are created only from certain component parts, so the choice of an alternative product will be difficult

Despite the well-proven design, it is permissible to make improvements to it. The corresponding work is performed on disconnected equipment in compliance with the safety rules.