A beehive with your own hands: how to make a quality "home" for bees without mistakes

Tags:With your own hands

If you are an avid beekeeper or are going to become one, then you should definitely make a beehive with your own hands. This can save you significant money. This process will help you become familiar with the behavior of bees and effective honey production technologies. Self-production will improve the consumer characteristics of honey, extend the life of the hive. We will talk about all the nuances of creating a house for bees in today's review.

A quality hive is a reliable basis for good results

The content of the article

1 Beekeeping for beginners: where to start, basic principles
2 Bee hive device: typical design, features of popular modifications
3 How to make a beehive with your own hands: detailed instructions from "A" to "Z"
4 Conclusions and additional recommendations

Beekeeping for beginners: where to start, basic principles

A detailed study of the vital activity of bees will help create comfortable conditions for them. Below is the basic knowledge that will make it easier to understand the requirements for the main and additional structural elements of the hive.

Even a superficial knowledge of the families of these insects allows one to be convinced of the clear organization of the communities. Worker bees have a functional division, which is largely due to a certain age range.

After leaving the cell, the lack of strength limits the possibilities of the insects. They are looked after and fed by adults. But after 1-2 days, young bees begin their first duties. They create impeccable sanitary and hygienic conditions in the cell so that the uterus can lay eggs there.

Further (as they grow older) bees perform the following functions:

feeding the larvae;
honeycomb construction, clogging of filled cells, renovation work;
security;
taking nectar;
removing excess moisture from it and other processing procedures;
collection of pollen, nectar, and other useful and essential substances for the maintenance of vital activity.

Honey bees have well-developed senses. To search for flowers and in other situations, they use sight, smell, touch, hearing, taste buds.

Queen bees (1) are larger than worker bees (2)

They mate with drones outside the hive, laying eggs up to several thousand per day under favorable conditions. During this period, they need high-quality nutrition with a sufficiently large energy supply per unit volume.

Of particular importance is the temperature regime in the beehive. The full development of the pupa, the purpose of the adult insect, depends on it. Some bees have the ability to raise their own temperature above + 40 ° C, acting as biological "heating elements".

Here are just some information about the life of bees. But even this information is enough for preliminary conclusions:

In the hive, it is necessary to create conditions for the comfortable existence of all members of the bee family.
It is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of behavior, different sizes of worker bees, drones, queens. Corresponding corrections are made when determining other structural elements with the dimensions of the entrances.
It is necessary to exclude or minimize harsh odors, noises, and other external influences that can cause disturbance to insects.
Good insulation will come in handy to reduce heat loss in winter and overheating in summer.

Bee hive device: typical design, features of popular modifications

The main elements of a classic bee house are shown in this picture.

The main elements of the classic "bee house" are shown in this picture.

The purpose and special characteristics of individual parts are given below:

The base (1) ensures the stability of the entire structure. They make it strong enough. Small holes in the side parts are needed for ventilation, which prevents rotting processes.
The bottom (2) in this hive acts as a transition element and a "take-off and landing" area at the same time. In some designs, it is possible to change the size of the taphole, taking into account the size of the bee colony, season, weather conditions.
The main part is the body (3). In this project, two identical elements are installed. It is here that the uterus lays eggs. To make it easier to maintain a comfortable temperature, the walls are made thicker, or an additional layer of porous materials is mounted. The frames are placed inside so that there is sufficient space for cleaning at the bottom.
In the separator (4), the dimensions of the slots are made so that only worker bees can penetrate upward. There is a shop (5) with frames, where honeycombs are created during a bribe. Sometimes this part of the hives is used to place the cuttings in the winter.
A hole is made in the ceiling (6). It is necessary for ventilation, free movement of bees. On this "floor" feeders are installed, additional elements of insulation in the cold season.
A cover (7) completes the design. It is upholstered on top with a metal sheet that protects the wooden parts from moisture.

Beehive frame

The special shape of the side panels with the expansion of the upper part (1) helps to create gaps of a certain size when installing products in the hive. Strings stretched between them (2) made of fishing line or steel wire facilitate the construction of honeycombs. The elongated elements of the cross bar (3) rest on the walls of the housing during installation.

Note! There are various drawings of bee hives on the Internet, so it is not difficult to find a suitable option. But it must be emphasized that professionals and experienced experts prefer collapsible structures. Such structures are more convenient to operate. In particular, the repair of individual components is simplified.

Diaphragm

This element is used to divide the hive into functional parts.So, for example, it is possible to create favorable conditions for several bee colonies in one structure.

Note! Instead of plywood, polyurethane foam, chipboard, and other materials are used that meet the above requirements for parts of the hive.

Robust, durable stainless steel dividing grid

Similar inexpensive plastic product

The Dadan-Blatt hive: simplicity and efficiency

Constructs of this type correspond to the description given in the previous section of the article.

Modularity is a clear advantage of this solution. If necessary, you can install a certain number of main buildings, stores. There will be no big difficulties in the manufacturing process, repair.

Device and basic parameters of the structure

Here are the dimensions of the Dadan hive for 12 frames. The drawing is a working example that has been tested in practice. Some characteristics and details can be changed:

The roof does not have to be flat. This option is suitable for organizing nomadic apiaries. If you make one or two slopes, raindrops are removed faster from the roof surface.
The empty space between the bottom of the case and the base is created from 20 mm or more for effective ventilation.
For the walls of the case / store, it is recommended to take wood 35/25 mm thick. But these standards must be adjusted taking into account the climatic conditions in the region of operation.
With any number of frames, the following distances to the bottom / side walls / top ceiling are left from them: 20/7/10 mm.

Modernization of a typical product

This example illustrates the benefits of improving classic solutions:

Instead of grooves in the walls, the lower heavy part is equipped with folding metal carrying handles.
Built-in latches provide secure attachment of parts. But if necessary, they are disconnected without the use of special tools.
To create the optimal size of the "entrance block", a metal strip with holes was used.

Important! Before changing the standard drawings of the Dadanovsky hive with your own hands, carefully study the recommendations of qualified beekeepers. This will help eliminate mistakes that beginners make with a lack of practical experience.

Wall insulation and waterproofing using modern materials

Langstroth-Ruth hive: how to keep many bees without unnecessary difficulties

These structures are made in 2-4 floors with 10 frames on each level.

Ruth beehive drawing based on Agriculture Canada documentation

Like other vertical structures, this structure takes up little space on the land. If you apply the option in the minimum version, with one case and a half-shop, it will not be difficult to organize the work correctly. However, experienced beekeepers advise against starting with a large hive. A large store will significantly increase the total volume, which will make it difficult to insulate the nest. Several floors allow you to occupy up to 40 frames, which implies great strength of the bee colony.

From this drawing of the Langstroth hive with two magazines, you can study not only the dimensions, but also the assembly sequence

Note! Professional beekeepers create hives of this type up to 7-8 floors. With their help, they collect over 200 kg of honey in combs in one season.

Horned hive: minimum cost and easy manufacturing

Housing

Bottom

Cap

Do-it-yourself drawings of a horned hive explain the main feature - the presence of pins in separate blocks.

These elements ensure the reliability of the vertical design

Benefits:

All details can be made using the simplest carpentry tools.
The design allows for a certain dimensional inaccuracy.
Assembly and disassembly are performed quickly and correctly.
Inexpensive materials are suitable for manufacturing.
Light hives of this type move without much physical effort.

Alpine hive: space saving

Experts claim that the model for this type of construction was the life of a bee colony in a hollow wooden trunk.

Be that as it may in reality, but all alpine hives are very high

The following information will help clarify important features of such structures:

There are no vents or grilles dividing the total volume.
The air layer in the ceiling area is moved, which prevents the accumulation of moisture, condensation precipitation.
During the honey harvest, the family's strength increases. Additional enclosures can be installed to increase productivity and maintain an optimal microclimate.
In winter, the reverse operation is performed. This makes it easier to create favorable temperature conditions.
The bodies are divided into volumes of 4-8 frames, taking into account the size of the bee colony.
The bottom is installed only in the lower block.
The upper element serves as a drinker and a feeder.

Lightweight polyurethane foam products have low thermal conductivity

Blueprints

Special frame for an alpine hive: a "U" shaped metal element is attached to the wooden plank

Cassette hive: solving large-scale tasks

Modular design

In such a structure, bees are kept all year round without seasonal movements. But with the appropriate equipment, transformation into a mobile version is possible.

This drawing can be used to create a 10-frame DIY multi-body hive.

He explains the features of the invention in the field of beekeeping, which is confirmed by a domestic patent. The authors managed to reduce the complexity of maintenance while improving temperature conditions during the cold season:

Single body (1) provides integrity and high strength.
Frames (3) are installed in cassettes, which are fixed on runners.
The protective cover (6) is fitted when rodent protection is required.
Families of bees are separated by a special panel (4).
The "cassette" (7) sections provide the passage of fresh air. They are taken out for routine maintenance.
To improve the insulating properties, a layer of insulation was installed (5).

Beehive lounger: comfortable conditions for several bee colonies

The main difference is the horizontal design

This solution allows you to create favorable conditions for the accommodation of several families of bees.

Stationary partitions divide the common space into the required volumes

Do-it-yourself hive lounger can be created according to this drawing

Gable roof protects from bad weather and makes it easier to maintain temperature

It is best to install this part on the door hinges. As shown in the figure, such equipment will facilitate the manipulation of a rather heavy part during inspection, retrieval of finished products and other work operations.

Beehive boa: description and important details

Features of the main parts of the structure

With the help of these drawings, it is not difficult to make a beehive with your own hands. The following comments are also useful:

It is not difficult for bees to fill compact frames with honeycombs, therefore no additional supports (metal strings, plastic threads) are installed.
To ensure a sufficient thickness of the "air cushion", the height of the walls of the lid is made 25-30 mm, no less.
Standard cabinet dimensions (width x depth x height in cm): 37.5 x 36 x 13.5. This volume is enough for a maximum of 10 frames. The tap hole diameter is 19 mm.

Work with such hives is organized according to a special algorithm:

In the cold season, 4-5 buildings are used.
When spring comes, take out 1-2 lower blocks. This procedure is combined with the replacement of the stretcher, preventive inspection.
After the first effective bribe, 1-2 cases (frames with foundation) are installed.
Additional housings are mounted on top as required. As the finished product accumulates, they are removed to pump out honey.

The example above is one option. Beekeepers like the possibility of "flexible" organization of work processes, setting individual parameters for specific conditions. They note positively the following details:

The compactness and light weight of individual parts reduce labor intensity. They can be removed and carried by one person, without an assistant.
The absence of wire increases the reliability and durability of the products.
If you observe the given dimensions of a sheet of standard foundation, there will be enough for four frames without unnecessary waste.
Small enclosures are useful for creating optimal space for each bee colony.

For an objective analysis, it is necessary to list the disadvantages:

The small footprint reduces the stability of the structure.
One frame is easy to make. However, taking into account the total amount required, more time and effort will have to be spent compared to similar products for a typical multi-hive hive.
Small sections leave a lot of empty space that is not used for its intended purpose (for creating and filling honeycombs).

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How to make a do-it-yourself birdhouse out of wood. Drawings, materials, decor and installation, as well as many creative ideas on this topic in our material.

How to make a beehive with your own hands: detailed instructions from "A" to "Z"

Before embarking on the implementation of plans, it is necessary to carefully study the peculiarities of beekeeping, weather and natural conditions in the region, and other important factors. It is necessary to clarify how to make a hive with your own hands from different materials. An accurate assessment of financial capabilities, carpentry and other professional skills will come in handy. It would be correct to apply a comprehensive analysis taking into account real initial parameters. It is necessary to take into account not only the main, but also the associated costs, operating costs.

For the correct manufacture of beehives with your own hands, dimensions, drawings, videos and other informational materials in the articles are supplemented with professional comments and useful recommendations. This data will help minimize errors.

Checking different options and creating optimal do-it-yourself hive drawings

You can make notes on the figures that describe the features of materials, assemblies, and other important nuances

If the do-it-yourself drawings of bee hives found roughly correspond to the existing requirements, you need to add your own adjustments. A thorough preparation of a complete set of design documentation will come in handy:

Check the dimensions of all parts.
For the correct reading of the drawings, views from different sides, sections of complex nodes are useful.
It is necessary to write down what materials are suitable for the manufacture of individual elements, are there any alternative options.
You should step by step check the technology for creating blanks, the assembly process.
Next, a list of necessary purchases is made.
This list is used for preliminary price check. If necessary, make appropriate replacements.

Note! If necessary, new professional skills are learned in advance. Training on samples will come in handy so as not to spoil quality blanks and consumables.

Building by stages: algorithm of actions, useful tips

This table shows the process of making do-it-yourself hives. For example, a relatively simple design "Lezhak" was chosen.

Photo	Basic and auxiliary operations with comments
	To reduce the cost of the project, a 25 mm thick edged board is purchased. It is cut to size, burrs are removed with a plane, and after sanding with sandpaper, a smooth surface is obtained without defects.
	The blanks for the side walls are connected using wood glue. The ends are lubricated with it, after which the parts are pressed on a flat surface. For fixation, a vertical rib is installed on one side of the table.
	On the other hand, the building level is fixed in the right place (with clamps).
	On top, you can put another workpiece to provide a pressure from above, eliminate irregularities.
	The end walls and the bottom of the box are glued in the same way. If irregularities are found on the large surfaces formed, they are removed using a grinder.
	After specifying the correspondence of sizes and eliminating minor defects, the box is assembled. The parts are fixed with glue and self-tapping screws.
	The accuracy of the angles is checked.
	Next, you need wooden planks (10 x 10 mm).
	They make supports for frames. These elements are fixed with glue and nails. It should be noted that the author of the project uses simple solutions on purpose. With the help of such instructions, you can quickly understand how to make a hive yourself without chamfering and other complex operations.
	Verification confirms that the dimensions of the parts are correct.
	A frame of 40 x 20 mm is used to create a frame on each side of the drawer.
	The holes are cut in the side wall with an electric jigsaw (two in the lower part, one in the middle). During operation, they are opened as the bee colony grows. Attach the bottom.
	The internal dimensions (76 wide x 46 deep x 32 cm high) are sufficient for 20 frames.
	Install foam (sheets 20 mm thick, density - 25 kg per cubic meter).
	A lining is mounted on top.
	The multi-layer construction is lightweight with excellent insulating characteristics. This is better than using solid wood.
	For the manufacture of the lid, the boards are cut into lengths of 100 mm. A box is made from these blanks. A rail is installed in the lower part, the coincidence of sizes is checked.
	The roof surface is created from the lining.
	Ventilation holes are cut in the lid. Secures galvanized sheet metal for weather protection.
	A stacked ceiling is made of boards.
	At the final stage, the arrival plate is mounted, the outer surfaces are painted.
	A special latch secures the cover during transportation.
	Use flexible tape to secure the top in the raised position.

Video: how to make quality hive frames

The design, dimensions and other parameters of these products are determined not only by the size of the free space. In some cases, a string support frame is not needed at all.

In this video, making a frame for a hive with your own hands from wooden blanks is described in detail:

This material is easy to process and does not contain irritating and hazardous chemicals. But products made from it are damaged by temperature and humidity. They weigh a lot.

To eliminate the noted negative factors, frames made of plastic are used.

Such products cannot be made at home. Therefore, when choosing this option, you will have to study the range of stores.

Related article:

DIY aquarium made of glass. The necessary information with useful practical advice on lighting, aeration, and other decorative and functional additions is collected in this article.

Conclusions and additional recommendations

Making a quality beehive with your own hands is a difficult but doable task. For simplicity, you can purchase processed blanks, various fasteners, accessories. It will be useful to study the parameters of new insulating materials. In any case, even the most successful projects need to be redone taking into account the real conditions of future operation.

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