Practical advice on how to choose a septic tank for a private house: price and varieties
When building your own home, you need to think through everything to the smallest detail. Important aspects are gas and water supply systems, as well as sewerage, which is most often installed autonomously. Designers and building owners try to use modern equipment. The question arises of how to choose septic tanks for a private house, the price of which is different depending on the modifications, so that they completely replace the system of centralized removal of liquids and solid waste. Let's try to figure it out in this review.
Schematic installation
The content of the article
- 1 The principle of operation of equipment and varieties
- 2 How to choose septic tanks for a private house: basic recommendations
- 3 How to choose septic tanks for a private house: the price and technical characteristics of purchased models
- 4 Few recommendations
- 5 Video: how to build a septic tank yourself
The principle of operation of equipment and varieties
Septic tanks are modern devices that purify wastewater, to which an autonomous sewage system is connected. Property owners often create them on their own from various building materials, plastic containers or metal pipes, that is, any containers for collecting waste.
Homemade option
You can buy a septic tank for a private house, which will not only collect, but also purify contaminated water from impurities. There are modifications after which you can use liquid for household needs, for example, watering the garden or washing cars.
Functioning principle
Choosing a septic tank for a private house, the device for all models will be the same, which is based on three processes:
- sedimentation of large inclusions;
- floating of small and light impurities;
- biological decomposition.
Equipment diagram
Any modification consists of chambers, where two stages of cleaning take place in the first tank. Then, through the branch pipe, the water goes into the next container, where there are no longer any impurities. The type of decomposition depends on the type of aggregate.
Varieties
The units are classified according to various parameters. There are options with one, two or three chambers, which are made from steel, concrete products, plastic or fiberglass. There is a division by design features:
- Accumulative. The package includes one or two interconnected wells.Waste in a sealed storage tank is separated into solid and liquid elements, while the organic matter decomposes, and the liquid with impurities settles. To avoid an excess of savings, they should be pumped out periodically. As a basis, such a storage device is used to equip a country sewage system, where a constant drainage is not required.
- Sediment tanks with containers for additional cleaning... The tank is divided into containers without a bottom (infiltrates), which act as aeration platforms. Such containers contain activated sludge, which increases the rate of the decay process.
Sump Option
- Deep cleaning. There is a gradual decomposition of waste according to various methods. The solid fraction settles first, then organic bioprocessing takes place. The cleaning units are equipped with compressors. These are the most expensive units, however, it is required to remove sewage only once every 5–7 years, since most of the liquid (95%) is converted into a neutral state.
Cleaning station
Useful advice!It is better to use deep cleaning stations near water bodies.
For more effective cleaning, it is better to purchase an anaerobic septic tank, where there are special bacteria that eat organic waste. This helps to decontaminate the effluent and dissolve it.
Related article:
Do-it-yourself septic tank without pumping for 10 years. Design features that will avoid waste disposal in a separate publication on our portal.
How to choose septic tanks for a private house: basic recommendations
By installing a septic tank in a private house, you will solve the issue with the drainage of sewage. When choosing equipment for your own home, answer the questions to determine the design:
- Buy or make yourself. A variety of materials are suitable for the second option, even car tires can be used, but such a modification can only be used for temporary operation. Purchased options with a high percentage of purification can drain water into the nearest body of water without polluting it. They can be installed for several houses at once.
note! For permanent use when living in a house with a family, it is worth staying at the factory version of septic tanks.
Installing purchased equipment
- Material. It directly affects the duration of the equipment operation. There are several main varieties:
- Reinforced concrete products. The rings do not corrode and have a high strength indicator, but they cannot be mounted without special equipment.
Installation of a sump from reinforced concrete rings
- Metal. Affordable cost and strength, but susceptible to chemicals and soil. To increase the service life, an additional layer of waterproofing will be required. For massive tanks, special equipment is also required.
- Polymer. The most popular options due to their low weight and affordability. There is also a minus - instability, that is, during installation, it will be necessary to constantly hold the structures in one position. At the same time, low temperatures affect the plastic, it can be gnawed by rodents or damaged plants.
- Fiberglass. The material is chemically neutral, lightweight and durable, not subject to temperature extremes. It is from this material that most septic tanks are released.
Fiberglass option
- The depth of the groundwater and the type of soil. For a single-chamber modification, it is important that the groundwater is 1 m lower than the capacity. If the indicator is exceeded, for example, up to 1.5 m, it will be difficult to install drainage fields for septic tanks with three chambers. There are several recommendations for different types of soil:
- Sand. Better to supply equipment with biological treatment.
Anaerobic septic tank for sandy soil
- Clay. Bacteria plus a sand filter.
- High probability of flooding - applicable polymer version with bio-purificationwhich has an anti-float device.
- Dimensions of containers. It should be calculated based on the rate of effluent per day per family member, taking into account the availability of plumbing. For example, a family of 4 people will be provided with the following calculations: 200 (daily waste) * 4 people * 3 days = 2400 liters.
Two-chamber equipment
Note! When calculating the required volume, consider the availability of guests. If they are frequent in the house, then increase the result obtained by two-thirds, that is, 3900 liters are required.
Based on the cubes obtained, a suitable model is selected.
Table 1. The choice of modification of the septic tank
| Volume in m³ | Septic tank modification |
|---|---|
| Up to 1 | With one camera |
| 1-10 | Two cameras |
| More than 10 | Three (option with a drainage field is acceptable) |
When thinking about how to make a septic tank in a private house, first answer all the questions above in order to determine the correct modification of the equipment.
Septic tank volume calculator
How to choose septic tanks for a private house: the price and technical characteristics of purchased models
Thinking about how to choose septic tanks for a private house, the price of which is different, you can pay attention to the consumer rating. The "Tank" company is considered one of the best.
Firm "Tank" produces septic tanks made of high-strength plastic, where the wall thickness ranges from 10 to 17 mm with additional stiffeners. The devices are designed for increased ground pressure and have a service life of over 50 years. The simple version operates on the principle of pre-treatment followed by biological degradation. The purified liquid is distributed over the soil with the help of an infiltrate.
Table 2. Technical characteristics of septic tanks
| Model | Picture | Dimensions (L-W-H), mm | Volume, l | Productivity, l / day | Price, rub |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tank - 1 |  | 1200*1000*1700 | 1200 | 600 | 46000 |
| Tank - 2 |  | 1800*1200*1700 | 2000 | 800 | 65000 |
| Tank - 3 |  | 2200*1200*2000 | 3000 | 1200 | 84000 |
According to reviews about the manufacturer, you can find the following comments:
Mikhail, Tver: “I bought myself a septic tank Tank-2 for permanent autonomous sewerage. My family of 3 is more than enough. I no longer remember about the drainage, and I have not yet had to pump it out. The equipment was installed just a year ago. "
Dmitry, Samara: “I ordered a Tank-1 installation for a summer residence. We go there often, especially in summer and we are already tired of cleaning dry closets. The company quickly completed the installation. They put it last summer, there were no problems throughout the year. "
Related article:
Septic tank: negative reviews and the reasons for their appearance. In the article, we will consider the secrets of the correct choice of a septic tank Tank, how a septic tank works, compare it with analogues, and find out where negative reviews come from.
How much is a septic tank for a private house
Thinking about how to choose a septic tank for a private house, in addition to the price, it is worth considering the cost of installation in order to fully calculate the costs of installing an autonomous sewage system.
The total cost will depend on the number of installed infiltrates and equipment drainage well... For example, in Moscow the Ecobior company offers popular Tank units. For additional services they charge:
- installation of Tank-1 - 20 thousand rubles;
- installation with one infiltrate - 34 thousand rubles;
- with two - 44 thousand rubles;
- with three - 54 thousand rubles;
- with the installation of a well for drainage - 40 thous.rub.
Moreover, the larger the volume and performance of septic tanks, the higher the price for services. Therefore, the total cost of arranging an autonomous sewage system starts from 60 thousand rubles. with a minimum configuration.
Self-arrangement of a septic tank will come out much cheaper, but do not forget about the constant need to hire a machine for pumping wastewater. And also about the rental of equipment during installation. To understand all the nuances of arranging an autonomous sewage system, watch the video on the topic.
Few recommendations
Installing a homemade septic tank is suitable for periodic living in a private house or in the country. If you constantly live with your family in a house, so as not to think about the need for waste disposal, it is better to purchase and order the installation of purchased equipment. Despite the high cost, it pays off and does not require special attention during operation.
If you nevertheless decide to make a sump yourself, watch the video on creating such equipment.
Video: how to build a septic tank yourself
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