Calculation of heat underfloor heating and additional information about the system
A wide range of floor coverings allows you to solve almost any problem in terms of room design, and special heating systems make it possible to make the coverings comfortable to use. Therefore, it is proposed to consider how the heat of the warm floor is calculated, which acts as an effective heating method.
With additional heating, even tiles become pleasant to the touch
The content of the article
Consideration of the main types of systems
The transfer of heat to the floor covering can be carried out by means of an electrical effect or a heat carrier heated to a certain temperature. In this regard, there are two main categories of systems. Classification is also sometimes made depending on the elements used.
Water structures
Warm floors of this type are mainly installed in private buildings, since it is quite problematic to connect to central heating in apartments. However, when installing a separate boiler, this option is still possible, although it is quite expensive.
Installation of water structure components in wooden floors
The system with a coolant assumes the presence of pipelines and a mixing point for the working fluid. The basic elements are polyethylene or metal-plastic pipes... They can be installed between wooden floor joists or embedded in a cement-sand screed.
Layout of components when embedded in a screed
The advantages of such designs:
- high level of security;
- compactness of placement;
- heating efficiency;
- ease of use.
Note! It is prohibited to create intermediate connections in the circuit. There should be two docking points in total. One of them should be located at the coolant supply, and the other at the return.
A clear diagram of the connection to the heating unit
Electrical analogs
The operation of the system is based on the principle of heat transfer by means of an electric current conductor or infrared radiation... It includes thermostat with sensor, which turns on and off equipment according to a given program.
The process of laying electric mats is demonstrated
There are the following types of basic elements:
- separate cables;
- ready-made mats;
- film with infrared radiation.
Helpful information! If necessary, the systems can be equipped with a remote control for more comfortable operation. Many manufacturers have developed special modules for this purpose.
This is how film-type elements are mounted
Competent calculation of heat underfloor heating water type
The quality of heating will depend on the correctness of the calculations of the heat transfer of the warm floor, therefore calculations must be made without fail. Constants will be:
- temperature of the working environment inside the pipe - 45-50 degrees;
- the temperature regime for comfortable living is 18-22 degrees.
Temperature fluctuations with altitude change
Effective underfloor heating: calculation of system power
When calculating water-heated floors with your own hands at the preparatory stage, you should determine the basic parameters and purpose of the room, as well as the characteristics of the barrier structures. In this case, the heat loss coefficients of the materials used must be well known.
Heating system design example
To calculate the heat load on each loop of the circuit, pressure loss, as well as the speed of movement of the working medium, it will be necessary to know a large number of coefficients directly in an accurate form. To simplify the calculations, it is proposed to take the system power equal to the maximum heat loss.
You can use the following formula:
Q = (V *Pt *K) / 860where:
Q - heat losses;
V - the volume of the room;
Pt - the difference between outdoor and indoor temperatures;
K - a coefficient that determines heat resistance (usually its value varies within 1.5-2).
Heat flux table for flooring
Note! When calculating the heat of a warm floor, which acts as an additional source of heating, minor errors are unlikely to lead to serious consequences, which cannot be said about the system that performs the functions of the main heating.
Competent calculation of the pipe for a warm floor in the room
After calculating the power, it is necessary to decide on the calculation of the water floor heating pipe. The length of the pipelines will depend on the layout and the distance between the main elements.
The most popular are two styling options
When calculating the length, the following formula applies:
L = S / N * 1.1where:
S - the square of the room;
N - the distance between the contours;
1,1 - headroom for turns.
The distance between the pipes must be the same
Note! The laying step largely depends on the diameter of the pipe used. Most often, it varies within 15-30 cm. When carrying out work, it is not recommended to go beyond this range.
Calculations for pumping equipment
Having made the calculation of the heat of the warm floor, you can proceed to the calculations necessary to select a pump that can provide optimal movement of the coolant. You can calculate the basic parameters yourself using a special formula:
Q = 0.86 * Ph / Thwhere:
Q - volume of working fluid (cubic m / h);
0,86 - conversion factor;
Ph - power of one circuit;
Th - temperature difference at the inlet and outlet.
Collector with mixing unit and circulation pump
Related article:
Wiring diagrams of water heated floors in a private house. What are the schemes for underfloor heating? What are the advantages of each type? Which one is right for you? Read on!
The most suitable floor coverings
The warm floor can be arranged using various floor coverings. However, for each room, the selection should be made after familiarization with the operational features.
Ceramic tile more suitable for bathrooms, as it is able to withstand exposure to humid environments. Most often, a screed is poured into which pipelines or system cables are embedded, and tiles are laid on top. In the presence of additional heating the tile loses its main drawback - the cold surface.
Carrying out work on the floor heating device in the bathroom
For the kitchen, linoleum can be a good option for finishing the floor. He is often chosen along with film flooremitting infrared radiation. The elements in this case are placed on top of the screed. They fit plywood, Chipboard or OSB... Linoleum is spread on top.
In the same way, heating system in combination with laminate. However, no additional base is required. The panels can be mounted over the film.
An example of laying laminate panels on top of a film floor
If necessary, additional heating can be installed directly under the carpet. However, it is better to use it in bedroom to increase the thermal effect. The main disadvantage of the coating is the difficulty in removing dirt.
What is the price of
The cost of underfloor heating varies significantly, since there are many options for their device. However, it is necessary to understand what constitutes the final price.
Total costs of underfloor heating systems for the five-year period
- Main components in the form of pipes, electrical cables, mats, regulators and film fragments.
- Reflective material that fits under the heat source.
- Screed device or other base.
- A floor covering that acts as a finishing finish for a room.
System arrangement in a wooden house without a cement-sand screed
Note! The cost of sets of electrical systems, as a rule, ranges from 2-5 thousand rubles per square meter.
Summarizing
Only the correct calculation of the heat of a warm floor will allow you to create a truly effective and functional floor heating system in an apartment or a private house. Calculation errors can make the design of little use or too energy consuming.
Video: calculation of the heating system by the Valtex program
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