We make a cellar in the country with our own hands step by step: the optimal sequence of work

Tags:House extensions

On the territory of a suburban area, it will not hurt to build a cool room for storing pickles, fruits, vegetables and other food products. In this regard, it is worth considering how to make a cellar in the country with your own hands. By completing all the steps step by step, you can create a reliable and durable storage.

Cellar in the country with your own hands step by step

Even a small design allows you to store a lot of food

The content of the article

1 Choosing the type of structure and location for it
2 Do-it-yourself cellar in the country step by step: basic work
3 The problem with a high level of groundwater: a cellar with your own hands
4 Do-it-yourself work after the construction of the cellar: photo + additional recommendations
5 Summarizing
6 Video: how to build a cellar with your own hands

Choosing the type of structure and location for it

The cellar is usually located in a separate place on the street or under a residential building. Its main purpose is to store food. Due to the device shelving, shelves and others devices it is possible to increase the functionality of the room.

An interesting design solution in the design of the upper part

Classification of cellars by the level of burial:

underground structures are arranged in dry places;
semi-underground structures are erected in humid places with an average occurrence of groundwater;
aboveground structures are made when groundwater is too close.

An example of an underground storage facility located in a dry location

Note! On an area with too high humidity, a special cushion of sand and gravel should be arranged. It will separate the structure from the groundwater.

The construction of the cellar does not require obtaining permits from any supervisory authorities, however, the developer must in any case decide on its location, taking into account some of the nuances. The area should be chosen as dry as possible, away from trees.

The structure is conveniently located under an alpine hill

Do-it-yourself cellar in the country step by step: basic work

After choosing a suitable place for a summer cottage, you can start basic work. These steps are relevant for underground and semi-buried structures.As for overground structures, they have a slightly different construction technology.

Visual plan of a small cellar

Preparation of the pit

When digging a pit, the points below must be taken into account without fail:

the depth of the pit is determined by the structure of the building;
the area of the dug pit should be slightly larger, since a certain part of the space will be occupied by walls and a floor;
it is possible to avoid shedding of earth from the side walls by means of formwork;
the excavated soil should be left for embankment and design of the structure.

The pit is being prepared for further work

Important! Do-it-yourself cellar under the house deserves special attention. In this case, the need to lay floors completely disappears, since this function is successfully performed by the floors of the first floor.

Base device in the form of a floor

The most suitable option is to fill the lower plane with concrete. For this, all garbage is removed from the pit. The surface is leveled and compacted, after which it is covered with a layer of sand of 15-20 cm. A waterproofing membrane and a reinforcing mesh are laid on top, then concrete is poured.

The base is ready for pouring concrete

Thus, when wondering which floor in the cellar is better to arrange, first of all, you should pay attention to the concrete base.

Erection of the walls of the structure

The sides of the structure must withstand ground pressure. Basically, when building them, the following are used:

concrete mix;
building blocks;
brick;
wood.

The walls are arranged using ready-made blocks

Floor laying

The first option for floors is wooden beams. Bearing elements are laid with edges on opposite walls, after which they are sheathed with boards. A waterproofing membrane is spread on top. The second option is to use ready-made reinforced concrete slabs. They are durable, therefore they are popular. They are laid on the end parts of the walls, after which they are covered with earth.

This is how reinforced concrete floors with an entrance opening look like

Creation of high quality ventilation

Constant air exchange will make it possible to avoid the appearance of mold and rot in the room, and will also allow you to maintain an optimal temperature regime. For device ventilation two pipes must be installed. One of them will be inlet and the other will be outlet.

The diagram shows the location of the elements relative to the floor and ceiling

For ventilation, medium-diameter plastic pipes are suitable. However, their size depends on the volume of the room. Supply elements are usually located on one side, 20 cm from the floor, and exhaust - on the other, 30-40 cm from the ceiling.

Ventilation ducts on the street side

The problem with a high level of groundwater: a cellar with your own hands

A certain category of developers may have the following dilemma: if the groundwater is close - how to make a cellar? It should be noted right away that this is quite possible. For this, first of all, it is necessary to make a circular drainage of the site on which construction is planned.

Drainage device advantages

Perforated elements are located below the depth of the soil along the perimeter of the excavation. Their slope should be about 2 cm per linear meter towards a well or sewage pit. The pipes should be backfilled with rubble and wrapped with geotextiles.

Drainage pipes are laid according to the following scheme

If the floor and walls are made of reinforced concrete, then high-quality waterproofing should be made from the inside and outside.

Cellar waterproofing with Dehydrol

A large plastic container can be used as a sealed room. It is completely buried in the ground. By arranging a plastic cellar in the country with your own hands step by step, you can avoid mistakes associated with waterproofing the structure.

Convenient ready-made plastic cellars are on sale

Related article:

Cellar made of plastic. An overview of modern plastic structures, a comparison of prices for models from different manufacturers and the nuances of installation in a separate publication.

Do-it-yourself work after the construction of the cellar: photo + additional recommendations

Ensuring unimpeded ascent and descent is carried out using comfortable stairs... Its width should not be less than 40 cm, otherwise movement can be very difficult. It is allowed to make a slope up to 75 degrees. The material can be wood, metal or concrete.

Convenient metal ladder for comfortable movement

To store supplies, you need to build special shelves or racks. Usually a 100x100 bar is used for their manufacture. The height of the structure depends on the height of the room itself.

Organization of food storage system

Making a cellar in the country with your own hands step by step, at least at the last stage, you should remember about lighting the interior space. With the correct selection of lighting fixtures, high operational safety can be achieved. The wiring and its basic components must be protected from moisture, because even reliable waterproofing of the room can be broken at a critical moment.

An example of safe lighting in a cellar

List of basic rules for lighting:

it is better to use a voltage of up to 36 volts, for which you can purchase a step-down transformer;
when laying cables, special insulators and rollers should be used;
you should purchase luminaires with a closed holder, capable of functioning at high humidity conditions.

Helpful information! The switches must be installed 100 cm from the floor. Firstly, it is quite convenient. Secondly, this arrangement of the elements ensures safe operation.

You can buy such a transformer in the store to lower the voltage.

Summarizing

If you can figure out how to make a cellar in your country house with your own hands, then you won't have to spend additional funds to attract professional workers. The erection of such structures to order is quite expensive, while controlling the quality of the work performed is quite problematic.